View this article online: https://www.insurancejournal.com/magazines/mag-features/2007/09/03/83534.htm

Marsh UK warns of possible liabilities

Marsh UK has issued a warning to the European financial services sector, including insurance companies, hedge funds, banks and ratings agencies, that “they may be exposed to greater directors’ and officers’ liability and errors and omissions liability claims in the wake of the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States.”

The warning notes that the rise in interest rates and the decline in real property prices “have contributed to rising mortgage delinquencies among high-risk, or subprime borrowers in the United States.” This development is in turn linked to what Marsh sees as an “increased relaxation of underwriting standards,” which has led to the bankruptcy of several U.S. mortgage lenders and to increased regulatory scrutiny.

“With trading in collateralized debt obligations, collateralized loan obligations and mortgage backed securities as financial investment instruments growing globally, so concern is rising in the European and international financial markets about their impact on the investments held by companies in U.S. assets,” said the announcement.

Marsh listed the following scenarios as creating potential litigation linked to D&O and E&O liability:

• Lenders’ lawsuits versus the banks: Because lenders are unable to do business without capital, many have been forced to file bankruptcy when they were asked to buy back loans. It is likely that there will be claims of improper margin calls and flawed valuation of underlying collateral on the part of banks and other institutions that purchased or financed the loans.
• Shareholders’ lawsuits versus lenders, accountants, trustees, and underwriters: Subprime lenders that have gone into bankruptcy may well face extensive accusations. Shareholders could make claims of misrepresentation and omission related to accounting for residuals, as well as claims of bad valuation and poor underwriting standards.
• Insurers’ lawsuits versus lenders: Large insurance claims on failed subprime collateral may lead to accusations of poor underwriting (misrepresentations and omissions) on the part of lenders.
• Investors’ lawsuits versus trustees: To the extent that bondholders are not paid, there will be claims of breach of fiduciary duty on the part of the trustees responsible for the distribution of cash flow.
• Trustees’ lawsuits versus lenders and underwriters on behalf of investors: Trustees might seek damages from lenders and underwriters. The claims are likely to be along the lines of fraudulent conveyance and breach of contract related to loan servicing.
• Individual investors’ lawsuits: If and when the investors in mortgage-backed securities post poor returns as a result of failing subprime- backed investments, the individual investors may accuse the funds of not taking on suitable and prudent investments and failing to follow investment guidelines and standard risk management procedures. There also will be claims of misrepresentations, omissions, bad pricing and mark-ups. (Source: Dr. Faten Sabry, NERA Economic Consulting, ‘The Subprime Meltdown’)

Commenting on the D&O risks arising from subprime, Siobhan O’Brien, a senior vice president in Marsh’s Financial Institutions Practice, stated: “The European financial services sector is increasingly realising (sic) the implications for the subprime issue outside the United States. Some European banks have frozen certain funds, and the European Commission has also announced that it will review the credit ratings industry’s voluntary code of practice after reports that it has been to slow to advise clients on the crisis.

“European insurance companies, hedge funds, banks and ratings agencies must continually assess the risks raised by the subprime crisis and examine their D&O and E&O exposures,”O’Brien continued. “Potential claims are likely to arise from wrongful acts by the company and the directors and officers in the form of allegations of mismanagement with respect to subprime lending or their investment portfolios, their lending and foreclosure practices, and the suitability of the products sold. The potential of regulatory investigations may bring about claims by shareholders or borrowers.

“In recent times the European D&O market has been largely stable. However, if there is a high number of costly claims under D&O and E&O insurance, this trend is likely to reverse and costs may begin to rise,” he said.